© 1990 International Society for Behavioral Ecology
research-article |
Energy demands of migration on red-eyed vireos, Vireo olivaceus
Department of Biological Sciences, University of Southern Mississippi Hattiesburg, MS 39406-5018, USA
Address reprint requests to F. R. Moore
ABSTRACT
We studied the behavior of red-eyed vireos (Vireo olivaceus)including their length of stopover, rate of mass change (lipid deposition), and foraging behaviorin relation to energy demand after their spring migration across the Gulf of Mexico. We labeled each foraging bird as lean or fat based on the average condition of birds captured on that day. Lean birds stayed longer and were more likely to gain mass during their stopover than birds that arrived with unmobilized fat reserves. Several aspects of the birds' foraging behavior varied in relation to mean body mass on observation days: Lean migrants (1) broadened their use of microhabitat but not their vertical distribution of foraging locations, (2) expanded their feeding repertoire, (3) moved at a higher mean velocity while averaging the same frequency of foraging movements, and (4) increased their degree of turning after a feeding attempt. We suggest that the gain of mass by fat-depleted birds is a compensatory response to energy demand mediated by changes in foraging behavior.
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