Behavioral Ecology Advance Access originally published online on June 11, 2004
Behavioral Ecology 2004 15(5):805-809; doi:10.1093/beheco/arh083
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Ultraviolet reflectance affects male-male interactions in the blue tit (Parus caeruleus ultramarinus)
a Laboratoire de Parasitologie Evolutive, CNRS UMR 7103, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 7 quai St. Bernard, Case 237, 75252 Paris cedex 05, France b Laboratoire d'Ecologie Générale CNRS UMR 8571, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, 4 avenue du petit château, 91800 Brunoy, France
Address correspondence to C. Alonso-Alvarez. E-mail: calonso{at}snv.jussieu.fr. C. Doutrelant is now at School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, 370 Prospect Street, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
Several animal species have been shown to use phenotypic traits to assess the competitive ability of opponents and adjust their aggressiveness depending on the likelihood to win the contest. In birds, these phenotypic traits usually involve patches of colored feathers. The benefit to harbor honest signals of male quality is the avoidance of wasteful aggressive interactions. Recent work has shown that ultraviolet (UV) plumage reflectance is an important signal used by females during mate choice. Surprisingly, however, the role of UV signaling on intrasexual selection has been neglected. In the present study, we aimed to test whether UV reflectance of crown feathers was used as a signal of male competitive ability during male-male interactions. Breeding male blue tits (Parus caeruleus ultramarinus) were exposed during the female egg-laying period to blue tit taxidermic mounts with either control or reduced UV reflectance of crown feathers. In agreement with the prediction that UV reflectance advertises male quality, we found that breeding blue tits behaved less aggressively toward the UV-reduced decoy. To our knowledge, this is the first experimental evidence suggesting a role for UV signaling on intrasexual selection.
Key words: animal contests, male-male competition, sexual selection, sexual signals.
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